Human Embryonic Stem Cells and their Clinical Relevance.

Human embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst at the pre implantation stage of the embryo. The present review is done to describe the derivation, culture method, directed differentiation of the human embryonic stem cells with particular emphasis on their clinical applications, and their role in the field of research and regenerative medicine.

A unique unreported anomalous muscle of scapular region and its clinical implications - A case report.

Back ground: It is a well documented fact that the lower border of spine of scapula gives origin to deltoid muscle only. We report a case of anomalous muscle arising from the medial aspect of lower border of spine of scapula in the left upper extremity of a 59 year old male cadaver. The anomalous muscle is innervated by axillary nerve which also gave a motor twig to the long head of triceps brachii. This variation was unilateral. The morphological, embryological and clinical significance of the anomalous muscle is discussed.